“醫(yī)學英語閱讀：關節(jié)炎性疼痛綜合征骨關節(jié)炎”相信是準備學習醫(yī)學英語的朋友比較關注的事情，為此，醫(yī)學教育網(wǎng)小編整理內(nèi)容如下：

osteoarthritis has traditionally been described as“wear and tear”joint degeneration attributable to the aging process.pain due to osteoarthritis constitutes the most common joint complanint for which patien is seek medical attention.primary osteoarthritis affects the articular cartilage of otherwise normal joints.secondary osteoarthritis occurs as a sequela of trauma，joint disease such as legg-perthes disease，or subtle anomalies such as mild acetabular dysplasia resulting in long-standing joint incongruity.

骨關節(jié)炎被傳統(tǒng)地描述為由于老年化過程而出現(xiàn)的磨損性關節(jié)變性。由骨關節(jié)炎引起的關節(jié)能疼痛是病人就醫(yī)時最多的主訴。原發(fā)性骨關節(jié)炎犯其他正常侵犯其他正常的骨關節(jié)軟骨面。繼發(fā)性骨關節(jié)炎是作為創(chuàng)傷、關節(jié)?。ㄈ鏻egg-perthe?。┗蜉p微畸形（如輕度髖臼發(fā)育不良導致長期關節(jié)不交合）的后遺癥而發(fā)生的。

osteoarthritis is the most common of all arthropathies，affecting roughly 30-50%of the entire population.heritability has not been demonstrated.women are more often affected than men，though virtually all persons overage 55 have some x-ray evidence of this disease.fortunately，less than half of patients with x-ray changes will experience joint symptoms.onset of symptomatic disease is usually in the sixth decade.

骨關節(jié)炎是所有骨關節(jié)病中最常見，整個人群中約有30~50%受累。遺傳性未得到證實。女性較男性患者多。事實上超過55歲的人都有一點患此病的x線證據(jù)，幸而只有不到一半有x線證變化的病人感到有關節(jié)癥狀，通常是在60歲開始出現(xiàn)。

though the specific in citing agent remains unclear，the earliest histopathologic change in osteoarthritic joints is loss of mucopolysaccharide ground substance in the outermost layers of articular cartilage.as a result the mechanical properties of the cartilage are altered and resistance to deformation is lowered.the weakened superficial layers of cartilage develop fissures in response to increased deformation by normal loads.this results in uneven distribution of stress transmission to deeper layers of cartilage and to the underlying subchondral bone.this concentration of stress further accelerates cartilage wear with thinning of outer layers and propagation of cracks and fissures in the deeper layers.cartilage debris within the joint results in low-grade chronic inflammatory synovitis and joint effusion.

雖然特異性刺激因素尚不清楚，但是在骨關節(jié)炎關節(jié)中最早的組織病理學變化是在關節(jié)軟骨的最外層中喪失粘液多糖基質(zhì)。結果是軟骨的機械性能發(fā)生改變，對變形的耐受力下降。變?nèi)醯谋韺榆浌且驅(qū)φＸ摵稍黾幼冃味l(fā)生裂隙。這導致應力分布不均勻地傳導至深層軟骨及其下面的軟骨下骨。集中的應有盡有力進一步加速外民支軟骨磨損及變薄，也加速深層碎裂和裂隙的擴布。在關節(jié)內(nèi)軟骨碎片導致低度慢性囊炎和關節(jié)積液。

if weight bearing or stress loading of the affected joint continues，thinning of the cartilage may progress to eventual full-thickness cartilage loss.the subchondral bone bears progressively greater loads as cartilage destruction evolves.increased loading of bone stimulates bone remodeling and new bone deposition，manifested by marginal osteophyte formation and sclerosis within the overloaded subchondral bone incite a chronic inflammatory response replacement of nercrotic bone by fibrous tissue results in subchondral cyst formation.

如果受損的關節(jié)持續(xù)負重或承受應力，軟骨變薄可進行下去，直到最后全層軟骨消失。軟骨破壞過程中，軟骱下骨胳的負荷逐漸加重，骨負荷加重刺激骨胳重新塑和新骨沉積，表現(xiàn)為邊緣的骨贅形成和軟骨下骨質(zhì)硬化。過度負荷的軟骨下骨質(zhì)中的細微骨折激起慢性炎癥反應，壞死的骨骼被纖維組織替代導致軟骨下囊腫形成。

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